The process by which optimum forms of infrastructure, transport planning and management are indicated, considering the geographical, biophysical, technological, social, economic and political conditions of a particular territory. Infrastructure master planning involves the concept of a system approach which includes both specific functional modes, such as highways and streets and the combined systems the various modal elements compose (utilities, storm water, etc.)
More specifically, the goals of modern infrastructure master planning often include environmental conservation, restraint of urban sprawl, minimization of transport costs, prevention of land use conflicts, and a reduction in exposure to pollutants. The process seeks to order and regulate land use in an efficient and ethical way. Authorities and Governments alike can plan for the needs of the community while safeguarding natural resources. To this end, it is the systematic assessment of land and water potential, alternatives for land use, and economic and social conditions in order to select and adopt the best land use and infrastructure options.
